The Thailand Civil and Commercial Code (ประมวลกฎหมายแพ่งและพาณิชย์) is the main body of laws that deals with the legal affairs and rights of private persons (natural and juristic persons). It contains areas such as family law, inheritance law, contract law, property law, corporate law, commercial law and more. The general rule in Thailand is codified and works from the top written law down.
Thai law is not made by judges as in case law, but you won't be able to fully understand the written law without also taking into account the rules for the exact interpretation of specific words and sections as given by the Thailand Supreme Court. Supreme Court rulings have binding authority, similar to written Thai laws.
Thai Civil and Commercial Code
English translation of the ประมวลกฎหมายแพ่งและพาณิชย์
Content Civil and Commercial Code
ประมวลกฎหมายแพ่งและพาณิชย์
INDEX
- Book I Title II, Natural Persons
- Part I Personality → Sections 15 - 18
- Part II Capacity → Sections 19 - 36
- Part III Domicile → Sections 37 - 47
- Part IV Disappearance → Sections 48 - 64
- Chapter II Juristic Persons
- Part I General Provisions → Sections 65 - 77
- Part II Association → Sections 78 - 109
- Part III Foundations → Sections 110 - 136
- Title III Things → Sections 137 - 148
- Title IV Juristic Acts
- Chapter I General Provisions → Sections 149 - 153
- Chapter II Declaration of Intention → Sections 154 - 171
- Chapter III Void and Voidable Act → Sections 172 - 181
- Chapter IV Conditions and Time of Commencement of Ending → Sections 182 - 193
- Title V Periods of Time → Sections 193/1 - 193/8
- Title VI Prescription
- Chapter I General Provisions → Sections 193/9 - 193/29
- Chapter II Period of Prescription → Sections 193/30 - 193/35
- Book II Title I, Obligtions
- General Provisions
- Chapter I Subject of Obligation Sections → Sections 194 - 202
- Chapter II Effect of Obligation
- Part I Non-performance → Sections 203 -225
- Part II Subrogation → Sections 226 - 232
- Part III Exercising Debtor's Claims → Sections 233 - 236
- Cancelation of Fraudulent Acts → Sections 237 - 240
- Right of Retention → Sections 241 - 2 → 50
- Part IV Preferential Rights → Sections 251 - 289
- Chapter III Plurality of Debtors and Creditors → Sections 290 - 302
- Chapter IV Transfer of Claims → Sections 303 - 313
- Chapter V Extinction of Obligations
- Part I Performance → Sections 314 - 339
- Part II Release → Sections 340 - 340
- Part III Set-Off → Sections 341 - 348
- Part IV Novation → Sections 349 - 352
- Part V Merger → Sections 353 - 353
- Title II Contract
- Chapter I Formation of Contract → Sections 354 - 368
- Chapter II Effect of Contract → Sections 369 - 376
- Chapter III Earnest and Stipulated Penalty → Sections 377 - 385
- Chapter IV Rescission of Contract → Sections 386 - 394
- Title III Management without Mandate → Sections 395 - 405
- Title IV Undue Enrichment → Sections 406 - 419
- Title V Wrongful Acts
- Chapter I Liability for Wrongful Acts → Sections 420 - 437
- Chapter II Compensation for Wrongful Acts → Sections 438 - 448
- Chapter II Justifiable Acts → Sections 449 - 452
- Book III Titlle I, Specific Contracts
- Chapter I → Nature and Essentials of the Contract of Sale
- Part I General Provisions Sections 453 - 457
- Part II → Transfer of Ownership Sections 458 - 460
- Chapter II Duties and Liabilities of the Seller
- Part I → Delivery 461 - 471
- Part II → Liability for Defect 472 - 474
- Part III → Liability for Eviction 475 - 482
- Part IV → Clause for Non-liability 483 - 485
- Chapter III → Duties of the Buyer 486 - 490
- Chapter IV Some Particular Kinds of Sale
- Part I → Sale with the Right of Redemption 491 - 502
- Part II → Sale by Sampe: Sale by Description: Sale on Approval 503 - 508
- Part III → Sale by Auction 509 - 517
- Title II → Exchange 518 - 520
- Title III → Gift 521 - 536
- Title IV Hire of Property
- Chapter I → General Provisions 537 - 545
- Chapter II → Duties and Liabilities of the Letter 546 - 551
- Chapter III → Duties and Liabilities of the Hirer 552 - 563
- Chapter IV → Extinction of Contract of Hire 564 - 571
- Title V → Hire-Purchase 572 - 574
- Title VI → Hire of Services 575 - 586
- Title VII → Hire of Work 587 - 607
- Title VIII Carriage → Sections 608 - 609
- Chapter I Carriage of Goods → Sections 610 - 633
- Chapter II Carriage of Passengers → Sections 634 - 639
- Title IX → Loan Sections 640 - 656 (loan for use and consumption)
- Title X → Deposit Sections 657 - 679
- Chapter III Special rules for innkeepers (hotels, guesthouses) Sections 674 - 679
- Title XISuretyship Sections 680 - 701
- Titles XII → Mortgage Sections 702 - 746
- Title XIII → Pledge Sections 747 - 769
- Title XIV → Warehousing Sections 770 - 796
- Title XV → Agency Sections 797 - 844 (duties and liabilities agent and principal)
- Title XVI → Brokerage Sections 845 - 849
- Title XVII → Compromise Sections 850 - 852
- Title XVIII → Gambling and Betting Sections 853 - 855
- Title XIX Current Account Sections 856 - 860 (no translation available)
- Title XX Insurance Sections 861 - 897 (no translation available)
- Title XXI Bills Sections (no translation available)
- Title XXII Partnership and Companies
- Chapter I General Provisions
- Chapter II → Ordinary Partnerships
- Chapter III → Limited Partnerships
- Limited Companies
- Part I → Nature and Formation of Limited Companies Sections 1096 - 1116
- Part II → Shares and Shareholders Sections 1117 - 1207
- Part III → Management of Limited Companies Sections 1144 - 1207 (directors, meetings, dividend, accounts)
- Part IV → Audit and Auditors Sections 1208 - 1214
- Part V → InspectionSections 1215 - 1219
- Part VI → Increase and Reductions of CapitalSections 1220 -1228
- Part VII → Debentures Sections 1229 - 1235
- Part VIII → Dissolution Sections 1236 - 1237
- Part IX → Amalgamation of Limited Companies Sections 1238 - 1243
- Part X → Notices Sections 1244 - 1245
- Part XI → Removal of Defunct Companies from Register Sections 1246 - 1246
- Part XII → Transformation of a Registered Partnership and a Limited Partnership to a Limited Company Sections 1246/1 - 1246/7
- Chapter V → Liquidation of Registered Partnership, Limited Partnership and Limited Companies Sections 1247 - 1273
- Chapter VI → Removal of Registered Partnerships, Limited Partnerships and Limited Companies from the Register Sections 1273/1 - 1273/4
- Title XXIII → Associations(repealed)
- Book IV Title I, Property
- Title I → General Provisions Sections 1298 - 1307
- Title II → Ownership Sections 1308 1366 (Acquisition, exercise, co-ownership)
- Title III → Possession Sections 1367 -1386
- Title IV → Servitude Sections 1387 - 1401
- Title V → Habitation(arsai) Sections 1402 -1409
- Title VI → Superficies Sections 1410 - 1416
- Title VII → Usufruct Sections 1417 - 1428
- Title VIII → Charge on Immovable Property Sections 1429 - 1434
- Book V Title I, Marriage
- Part I Betrothal → Sections 1435 - 1447
- Part II Conditions of Marriage → Sections 1448 - 1460
- Part III Relationship of Husband and Wife → Sections 1461 - 1464
- Part IV Property of Husband and Wife → Sections 1465 - 1493(personal and marital assets)
- Part V Void of Marriage → Sections 1494 - 1500(annulment)
- Part VI Termination of Marriage → Sections 1501 - 1535(divorce and death)
- Title II Parent and Child
- Part I Parentage → Sections 1536 - 1560
- Part II Rights and Duties Parent and Child → Sections 1561 - 1584
- Part III Guardianship → Sections 1585 - 1598/18
- Part IV Adoption → Sections 1598/19 - 1598/37 (external: adoption guidelines)
- Part V Maintenance → Sections 1598/38 - 1598/40
- Book VISuccession
- Title I Devolution of an Estate → Sections 1599 -1603
- Title II Heirship in Thailand → Sections 1604 - 1607
- Title III Disinheritance → Section 1608 -1609
- Title IV Renuncation of an Estate and Miscellaneous Provisions → Sections 1610 - 1619
- Statutory Right of Inheritance → Sections 1620 - 1628
- Division into Portions Between Several Classes and Degrees of Statutory Heirs → Sections 1629 - 1631
- Division into Shares Between the Statutory Heirs in Each Class and Degree → Sections 1632 - 1634
- Spouses → Sections 1635 - 1638
- Representation for the Purpose of Reveiving Inheritance → Sections 1639 - 1645
- Wills → Sections 1646 - 1654(last will or testament)
- Forms of Wills → Sections 1655 - 1672
- Effects and Interpretation of Wills → Sections 1673 - 1685
- Wills with the appointment of Controller of Property → Sections 1686 - 1692
- Revocation and Lapse of a Will or Clause in a Will → Sections 1693 - 1699
- Nullity of a Will or of Clause in a Will → Sections 1700 - 1710
- Administration of an Estate → Sections 1711 -1733
- Realization of Assets, Payment of Debts and Distribution of an Estate → Sections 1734 - 1744
- Partition of an Estate → Sections 1745 - 1752
- Vacant Estates → Sections 1753 - 1753
- Prescription → Sections 1754 - 1755